{"id":"jezyk-angielski-2010-maj-matura-dwujezyczna-2/zad/5","paper_id":"jezyk-angielski-2010-maj-matura-dwujezyczna-2","number":"5","points":13,"ptype":"closed","subject":"jezyk-angielski","category":"matura","year":2010,"month":"maj","level":null,"text":"TASK 5. (13 points)\nRead the article. For questions 5.1.-5.7. match the paragraphs with the headings that\nbest summarise their main idea. Put the appropriate letter (A-H) in each box\n(5.1.-5.7.). Then answer questions 5.8.-5.13. by putting the number of the appropriate\nparagraph (1-7) in the table. For each correct answer you will be given 1 point.\nA.\nA GROWING VENTURE\nB.\nGAPS IN THE BIG PICTURE\nC.\nTHE KNOWLEDGE OF NO RETURN\nD.\nCONTRADICTORY FINDINGS\nE.\nNERVOUS ANTICIPATION\nF.\nEXTENSIVE COUNSELLING\nG.\nTHE SCIENCE OF PROBABILITY\nH.\nDECEPTIVE KNOWLEDGE\nParagraph 1.\n5.1.\nEverything about Genetic Health’s opulent Harley Street clinic says ‘money’. As I sit\nanxiously thumbing through copies of Harrods magazine in a comfortable armchair, smartly\ndressed secretaries in high-heels glide past, over the varnished wood floors. I’m waiting\napprehensively for a consultation with Dr. Paul Jenkins, who will talk me through what the\ncompany calls its ‘Premium Male’ service - an analysis of my genetic makeup. Some weeks\nago I sent them a handful of swabs that, as per the company’s instructions, I had rubbed\naround the inside of my mouth. This inelegant procedure picks up the cells needed for the\nDNA analysis.\nParagraph 2.\n5.2.\nAt a cost of £825, which can already make you nervous, Genetic Health creates a personalised\nread-out of 42 genes which, according to the website, will allow you to take control of your\nlife and your health. This is a long way from a full genome sequence, but the company says it\nlooks for crucial genetic changes that have been linked to disease. “Based on your individual\ngenetic profile,” reads its blurb, “one of our medical experts will guide you on which lifestyle\nchanges to make as well as which supplementation to take to improve the quality of your life,\nextend the active period of your life, and most possibly enable you to live longer.”\nParagraph 3.\n5.3.\nThe genetic testing industry in the UK is still small. Brian Whitley, Genetic Health’s director,\nestimates that between 2,000 and 5,000 people here have used a gene-testing company,\nbut this is set to rise rapidly as the costs come down. 23andme, a US company which is part\nowned by Google, has dropped the price of its services to $399, and held a ‘DNA party’\nduring September’s New York fashion week at which guests including Rupert Murdoch,\nIvanka Trump and Chevy Chase were invited to find out more about their genes.\nCzęść II\n3\nParagraph 4.\n5.4.\nThe pitch from the companies is that knowledge is power. They live off publishing advice.\nSo if you discover that your genes make you more prone to obesity, then you might put more\neffort into eating better and going to the gym. But critics say that regular exercise and a good\ndiet yield important health benefits whatever your genetic makeup, so knowing your DNA\nchanges nothing. Worse, it might offer false reassurance that you will not develop one disease\nwhile worrying you unduly that you are at high risk of another.\nParagraph 5.\n5.5.\nI’m still not sure whether I want to peer at my genetic horoscope. If I decide to sit in front of\nthe TV-set chain-smoking and stuffing my face with cream cakes followed with a packet of\ncrisps, I have no one to blame for the consequences but myself. But my genes are different.\nThere is nothing I can do to re-shuffle my genetic deck and if I don't like Genetic Health’s\nanalysis, I can’t go back and un-know the information.\nParagraph 6.\n5.6.\nGenetic science provides us with the answers to many important questions. We already know\nthat a small number of rare mutations cause serious conditions such as Huntington’s disease\nand cystic fibrosis. Other genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, lead to an increased chance of\nbreast cancer in women. However, geneticists are now realizing that they need to further\ninvestigate DNA changes that confer a more subtle threat. The science is in its infancy and\nthe results may be difficult to interpret because the effect of any one gene is typically\ninsignificant and depends on other genes as well as your lifestyle.\nParagraph 7.\n5.7.\n“The state of the scientific art is still a long way short of where we want it to be in terms of\npredictions,” says Professor Mark McCarthy from Oxford University. One way to think about\ngenetic science is to imagine your genome as a poker hand. Predicting whether you will\ndevelop high blood pressure by testing a handful of genetic variants is like trying to guess\nwhether you will win the hand by looking at just one card. A hand with an ace of hearts is\nstatistically more likely to win than a hand with a five of diamonds, but it depends on your\nother cards. And of course your genome is much more complicated. There are around 25,000\ngenes that interact in complex ways.\nadapted from The Guardian, 9 December 2008\nWhich paragraph\nParagraph\nnumber (1-7)\n5.8.\nuses a gambling metaphor to illustrate the issue?\n5.9.\nraises the problem of the expense of the analysis?\n5.10.\ndescribes a typical publicity stunt?\n5.11.\nshows instances of where genetics can be trusted?\n5.12.\npresents the method of taking samples for the test?\n5.13.\nwarns against a potentially detrimental effect of genetic testing?\nTRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET!\nCzęść II\n4","answer":null,"answer_text":null,"solution":null,"image":"img/jezyk-angielski-2010-maj-matura-dwujezyczna-2/zad-5.webp","solution_image":null,"topics":null,"page_from":2,"source":"ocr","answer_source":null,"answer_text_source":null,"solution_source":null,"text_source":"ocr","source_label":"Język angielski · Matura · maj 2010","subject_label":"Język angielski","category_label":"Matura","text_html":"

TASK 5. (13 points)
Read the article. For questions 5.1.-5.7. match the paragraphs with the headings that
best summarise their main idea. Put the appropriate letter (A-H) in each box
(5.1.-5.7.). Then answer questions 5.8.-5.13. by putting the number of the appropriate
paragraph (1-7) in the table. For each correct answer you will be given 1 point.
A.
A GROWING VENTURE
B.
GAPS IN THE BIG PICTURE
C.
THE KNOWLEDGE OF NO RETURN
D.
CONTRADICTORY FINDINGS
E.
NERVOUS ANTICIPATION
F.
EXTENSIVE COUNSELLING
G.
THE SCIENCE OF PROBABILITY
H.
DECEPTIVE KNOWLEDGE
Paragraph 1.
5.1.
Everything about Genetic Health’s opulent Harley Street clinic says ‘money’. As I sit
anxiously thumbing through copies of Harrods magazine in a comfortable armchair, smartly
dressed secretaries in high-heels glide past, over the varnished wood floors. I’m waiting
apprehensively for a consultation with Dr. Paul Jenkins, who will talk me through what the
company calls its ‘Premium Male’ service - an analysis of my genetic makeup. Some weeks
ago I sent them a handful of swabs that, as per the company’s instructions, I had rubbed
around the inside of my mouth. This inelegant procedure picks up the cells needed for the
DNA analysis.
Paragraph 2.
5.2.
At a cost of £825, which can already make you nervous, Genetic Health creates a personalised
read-out of 42 genes which, according to the website, will allow you to take control of your
life and your health. This is a long way from a full genome sequence, but the company says it
looks for crucial genetic changes that have been linked to disease. “Based on your individual
genetic profile,” reads its blurb, “one of our medical experts will guide you on which lifestyle
changes to make as well as which supplementation to take to improve the quality of your life,
extend the active period of your life, and most possibly enable you to live longer.”
Paragraph 3.
5.3.
The genetic testing industry in the UK is still small. Brian Whitley, Genetic Health’s director,
estimates that between 2,000 and 5,000 people here have used a gene-testing company,
but this is set to rise rapidly as the costs come down. 23andme, a US company which is part
owned by Google, has dropped the price of its services to $399, and held a ‘DNA party’
during September’s New York fashion week at which guests including Rupert Murdoch,
Ivanka Trump and Chevy Chase were invited to find out more about their genes.
Część II
3
Paragraph 4.
5.4.
The pitch from the companies is that knowledge is power. They live off publishing advice.
So if you discover that your genes make you more prone to obesity, then you might put more
effort into eating better and going to the gym. But critics say that regular exercise and a good
diet yield important health benefits whatever your genetic makeup, so knowing your DNA
changes nothing. Worse, it might offer false reassurance that you will not develop one disease
while worrying you unduly that you are at high risk of another.
Paragraph 5.
5.5.
I’m still not sure whether I want to peer at my genetic horoscope. If I decide to sit in front of
the TV-set chain-smoking and stuffing my face with cream cakes followed with a packet of
crisps, I have no one to blame for the consequences but myself. But my genes are different.
There is nothing I can do to re-shuffle my genetic deck and if I don't like Genetic Health’s
analysis, I can’t go back and un-know the information.
Paragraph 6.
5.6.
Genetic science provides us with the answers to many important questions. We already know
that a small number of rare mutations cause serious conditions such as Huntington’s disease
and cystic fibrosis. Other genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, lead to an increased chance of
breast cancer in women. However, geneticists are now realizing that they need to further
investigate DNA changes that confer a more subtle threat. The science is in its infancy and
the results may be difficult to interpret because the effect of any one gene is typically
insignificant and depends on other genes as well as your lifestyle.
Paragraph 7.
5.7.
“The state of the scientific art is still a long way short of where we want it to be in terms of
predictions,” says Professor Mark McCarthy from Oxford University. One way to think about
genetic science is to imagine your genome as a poker hand. Predicting whether you will
develop high blood pressure by testing a handful of genetic variants is like trying to guess
whether you will win the hand by looking at just one card. A hand with an ace of hearts is
statistically more likely to win than a hand with a five of diamonds, but it depends on your
other cards. And of course your genome is much more complicated. There are around 25,000
genes that interact in complex ways.
adapted from The Guardian, 9 December 2008
Which paragraph
Paragraph
number (1-7)
5.8.
uses a gambling metaphor to illustrate the issue?
5.9.
raises the problem of the expense of the analysis?
5.10.
describes a typical publicity stunt?
5.11.
shows instances of where genetics can be trusted?
5.12.
presents the method of taking samples for the test?
5.13.
warns against a potentially detrimental effect of genetic testing?
TRANSFER YOUR ANSWERS TO THE ANSWER SHEET!
Część II
4

","solutions":[]}